IJapan ingumnikazi owodwa we zanda kakhulu izimboni zamafilimu, uphumelele futhi waziwa emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kokuba ngomunye wabantu abanethonya elikhulu kumabhayisikobho akhiqizwa eNtshonalanga, ikakhulukazi iHollywood. Kunamafilimu aseJapan amake ingqophamlando ebhayisikobho.
Abenzi bamafilimu baseJapan badabule kuzo zonke izinhlobo zomdabu (amahlaya, ukwethusa, ukungabaza, isenzo, ukugqwayiza), futhi bazakhele izingqikithi nezitayela zabo. Benze nomthelela ophawulekayo kumafilimu abalulekile "aseMelika", njengohlobo lwasentshonalanga.
IJapane ingubaba wesinye sezilo ezimbili kuphela ezingama-100%, ezingenazinkomba zemibhalo zanoma yiluphi uhlobo: Godzilla (ekuqaleni uGojira). Lokhu kuphinde kwavusa amafilimu ohlobo lweKaiju.
Ezingeni lefilimu lobuciko noma lenkolo, abenzi bamafilimu bayo abanesithunzi kakhulu bayathandwa emhlabeni jikelelengokuba Akira Kurosawa yisakhiwo sodumo kakhulu.
AmaBox Office amaningi aphuma emashumini eminyaka adlule akhiqizwe eHollywood, kungukukhishwa kabusha kwama-movie wase-Japan.
Amafilimu aseJapan amaka isikhathi nesitayela
Ama-Samurai ayisikhombisa. U-Akira Kurosawa, ngo-1954
I-filmography yomqondisi ovelele owazalelwa eShinagawa idinga i-athikili ekhethekile ukuze ikwazi ukubabaza konke akunika umlando we-Seventh Art nobuntu. Kunzima ukuthola noma imiphi yemisebenzi yakhe "njengeyona ebaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe". Ama-Samurai ayisikhombisa Akungabazeki ukuthi ingenye evelele kakhulu.
Isisekelo sendaba silula: iqembu labalimi, ngekhulu le-XNUMX eJapan, selikhathele ukuhlala ngaphansi kwesixuku sezigcwelegcwele, linquma qasha iqembu lama-Samurai ukuze libavikele.
Bavotelwa kaningana ngabaqondisi emhlabeni jikelele njengenye yamafilimu amahle kakhulu angama-10 esikhathi sonke, owaphumelela iSilver Lion eVenice Film Festival kanye nokuphakanyiswa kwama-Oscar amabili. Inguqulo yayo yaseMelika nayo idumile Ubukhazikhazi obuyisikhombisa, entshonalanga iqondiswe nguJohn Sturges futhi inkanyezi, phakathi kwabanye, uSteve McQuenn, uCharles Bronson noJames Coburn.
Umbuthano. UHideo Nakata, 1998
Enye yama-movie asabekayo kunayo yonke isikhathi. Futhi ngukuthi ukwesaba okungaphezu kwemvelo nokuningi "okunzima" kunesikhala esibanzi ngaphakathi kwesiko lamafilimu laseJapan.
Eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-movie yevidiyo eqalekisiwe." Noma ngubani obona le tepi eshiwo ngenhla ngokuqinisekile uzofa ngemuva kwesonto, hhayi ngaphandle kokuhlupheka kuqala zonke izinhlobo zezinhlekelele zobudemoni.
Ngo-2002 iHollywood yakhipha i-remake yayo (ebizwa ngeSpain njenge Isiginali). I-Gore Verbinski (AmaPirates aseCaribbean) wayengumqondisi.
Ukuhamba Ngomoya. UHayao Miyazaki, 2001
I-Anime cinema Olunye uhlobo oludumile ngaphakathi kwefilimu yezwe leRising Sun. Izindaba ezakhiwe ngaphansi kwendlela ejwayelekile yokugqwayiza yaseJapan nazo zihlukahlukene kakhulu.
Indaba emnandi, enenkanyezi intombazane encane ehlangabezana nochungechunge lwezenzakalo ezingavamile, ngenhloso yokuhlenga abazali bakhe.
U-Oscar weBest Animated Film, owine iSiliva Bear eBerlin Film Festival nokunye okuningi. Ngokufanayo, kunjalo enye yamafilimu aseJapane aphuma phambili kunayo yonke, ngeqoqo eliseduze nama-dollar ayizigidi ezingama-230 emhlabeni jikelele.
Umbuso wezinzwa. UNagisa Oshima, 1976
Enye yamafilimu aphikisana kakhulu futhi aphikisayo wefilimu yendawo yonke. Isifundo esifundwa ezikoleni zamafilimu amanyuvesi ahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele.
Kwabanye, umsebenzi wobuciko. Kwabanye, ifilimu engcolile yobulili.
Ngokuya ngomcimbi weqiniso owenzeka eTokyo ngawo-30. Isifebe esethathe umhlalaphansi siba yinkosikazi yomphathi waso omusha, umnikazi wehhotela lapho esebenza khona njengengxenye ye-easement. Lezi zithandani zizokhipha izifiso zazo ezingakhathali neziyinqaba zobulili emikhawulweni engalindelekile.
Kumarekhodi asemthethweni wefilimu kubonakala njengokukhiqizwa kokubambisana kukaFranco-Japan. Kodwa-ke, yize inqubo yokugcina yokuhlela yenziwa eFrance, i- Isivumelwano "sokukhiqiza" phakathi kwabakhiqizi abavela eFrance naseJapan kwakuyisu nje lokugwema ukuvinjelwa okuqinile kweziqhingi zase-Asia.
Godzilla. U-Ishiro Honda, ngo-1954
Inesihloko eSpain njenge IJapan ngokwesaba lesi silo. I-cinema ibingeke ibe yilokhu eyikho namuhla, ngaphandle kwale filimu.
Njengomphumela wamabhomu e-athomu awela eJapan, uGodzilla, kuvuswa isilo esidala ebesilele phansi kolwandle. Ukwesaba kuthatha yonke indawo yabantu. Ngemuva kwezimpi ezinzima nokubhujiswa okuningi, isigebenga esesabekayo siyehlulwa. Kepha wonke umuntu unokungabaza ukuthi le bekungukuphela kwe- "Gojira" yalolu hlobo eyasinda kumlando wangaphambilini.
I-Ju-on. UTakashi Shimizu, 2000
Isimo samasiko esingalindelekile kubakhiqizi baso. Ama-movie wesabekayo asezingeni eliphansi eya ngqo kumafomethi wevidiyo yasekhaya.
Ngokususelwe kuzinguqulo zaseJapan ze izinganekwane zendabuko zasemadolobheni zezindlu ezihaunted. Indaba ihlukaniswe ngezahluko eziyisithupha, lapho isiqalo sayo sisekubulaweni okwesabekayo okwenziwa yindoda elwa nenkosikazi yayo nendodana yayo.
Ngemuva kwempumelelo yokuqala, yaqoshwa ingxenye yesibili ekhishwe kumatiyetha. Ngaphezu kokulandelana, bekusebenza njengokuphindwaphindwa kwendaba yoqobo, ukuyethula kuzithameli ezibanzi.
Ngo-2004, uShimizu uqobo wathuthela e-United States ukuyokwenza ifilimu i- Uhlobo lwendaba yakhe yaseHollywood, enesihloko Igqubu (Ukumemeza, eSpain). Kulokhu kubuyiswa kusetshenziswe enye yemishwana ephindaphindwe kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva: “Ayithetheleli neze. Alikhohlwa ”. (Akakhohlwa. Akathetheleli).
Izinganekwane zaseTokyo. UYasuro Ozu, 1953
La ithonya lokudala phakathi kwemishini yaseHollywood nesinema yaseJapan iqondise kabili.
Iveza njenge ukweqa kwezizukulwane kanye nejubane lesimanje lempilo kuvule izikhala ezingenakunqotshwa phakathi kwabazali nezingane, abakwazi ukuxhumana nabanye.
Owesifazane wesihlabathi. UHiroshi Teshigahara, ngo-1964
Ngaphakathi kwefilimu enkulu yaseJapan kukhona isikhala se-cinema yokuhlola noma ye-avant-garde. Ukungena kanye nezimpikiswano ezihlale zihlupha isintu.
Kususelwa kunoveli kaKobo Abe (owaziwa nangokuthi Owesifazane Wezindunduma). Indaba yothando eyeqisayo, lapho izifiso zokuphila nenkululeko kwesinye isikhathi zingqubuzana khona, kwezinye izikhathi kukhonjelwa ekuvumelaneni nasekuyekeni emsebenzini.
Jabulela ukunconywa kwendawo yonke. Owinile we-Special Jury Prize e-Cannes Film Festival. Ithole iziphakamiso ezimbili ze-Oscar zeBest Foreign Language Film and Best Director.
Imithombo yesithombe: Ama-Escenarios / i-Vice Magazine