Umculo waseJapan uvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuziphumuza, ukuzindla, neyoga, futhi ngokuthula, ukuzola, ukuthula nokuzwana. Konke okungenhla kuhlala kubonakala ngamehlo asentshonalanga nawokuhweba.
Kepha kungaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho. Izwe lelanga eliphumayo linomkhiqizo womculo obanzi futhi ohlukahlukene, zombili izigqi zomdabu nezinhlobo ezingenisiwe.
Isimo somhlaba jikelele senze iziqhingi zaseJapan zizwe futhi zithintane izingoma ze-pop ne-rock. Futhi kunesikhala somculo owazalelwa echibini laseCaribbean njenge i-reggae ne-salsa.
Umculo wendabuko waseJapan
Isiko lomculo laseJapan elivelele kakhulu lihlobene kakhulu nobuZen Buddhism. IKomuso, iqembu lezindela, yathuthukisa umkhuba owaziwa ngokuthi ukuzindla ngomsindo ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX.
Ukufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu lokuhlushwa futhi ufinyelele ukweqa okungokomoya ngolwazi, Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, imisindo yamaShakuhachi izwakala ngemuva. Lona umtshingo woqalo onemigodi emihlanu; isidlali kufanele siyibambe sibheke phezulu, njengerekhoda lasentshonalanga.
Amabha awazange athuthukiswe. Imizila ye-chord esetshenziselwe izikhathi zokuzindla idluliselwe "ngomlomo" futhi ngokuzwakalayo ezizukulwaneni ezintsha zamakholi.
Kepha isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba ukuzindla okuzwakalayo kube sesikhungweni, futhi nezinhlobo ezithile zomculo, kusukela ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, ngesikhathi seNara, Kwaziwa isitayela somculo wesonto lamaBuddha obizwa ngeShomyo.
Ngokomculo, ukwakheka kwayo bekungaphansi. Ngaphansi kokuvumelana okulula, ngaphandle kokuhambisana nensimbi futhi kususelwa esikalini se-pentatonic, ikwaya yafunda ama-sutras (izinkulumo zikaBuddha noma abafundi bakhe abaseduze).
IGagaku: Umculo wakudala waseJapan
Ukuhunyushwa ngokwezwi nezwi kwegama elithi Gagaku umculo omuhle. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesishiyagalombili, kuqondana nokuphela kwesikhathi se-Asanka, ngumculo odlalwa enkantolo yasebukhosini. Lesi sikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni waseJapan, kusukela kwethulwa ubuBuddha.
IGagaku ayimile ukuvela. Kudingeke ukuthi anqobe konke ukuqhamuka komlando waseJapan. Abaculi bayo kudingeke ukuthi bathuthele emadolobheni amakhulu, njalo lapho inhlokodolobha yesizwe ishintsha izixhumanisi. Kusukela ngo-710 bebeyizinhloko-dolobha zaseJapan iNara, iKyoto, i-Osaka, iKoka, iKobe futhi kusukela ngo-1868 eTokyo. Ezinye izazi-mlando ziveza ukuthi awukho umbhalo onika ngokusemthethweni isikhundla senhlokodolobha yezwe, ngakho ngokomthetho iKyoto - ngokomqondo - idolobha elikhulu lezwe.
Ithonya leGagaku lizwakale ngaphezu komculo waseJapan nowase-Asia. Phakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX, abanye abaqambi bomculo bakudala baseNtshonalanga abanjengoMelika uHenry Cowell no-Alan Hovhaness, bakuthatha njengesisekelo sokuqanjwa kwabo okuningana. U-Oliver Hessiaen waseFrance, owaseBrithani uBenjamin Britten kanye no-American Lou Harrinson benze okufanayo.
Kusukela ngo-2009 nangesimemezelo se-UNESCO, iGagaku iyigugu elingaphatheki lobuntu.
Izinsimbi zomdabu
Ngaphezu komtshingo kaSakuachi, ezinye izinsimbi eziyingxenye yomculo waseJapan yilezi:
- IHichiriki: i-oboe encane eyenziwe ngoqalo. Ikhipha umsindo ohlukanisa kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa kuzo zonke izitayela zokusho ngekhanda.
- UShamishen: ngokwakha, kuyinsimbi efana nesigingci sakudala, noma kunjalo mncane kakhulu futhi unezintambo ezintathu kuphela. Omunye umehluko ukuthi i-soundboard ifana kakhulu nesigubhu. Idlalwa kusetshenziswa iphenti noma utshani, okushaya izintambo nesikhumba esimboza insimbi ngasikhathi sinye.
Phambilini besisetshenziswa ekwenzeni kwawo isikhumba samakati noma izinja. Kulezi zinsuku kusetshenziswa okuphuma epulasitiki.
- IBiwa: njengeShamishen, Kuyinsimbi ejwayelekile yomculo waseJapan, yize ingemvelaphi yamaShayina. Ifana kakhulu ne-lute yasentshonalanga.
- URyuteki: umtshingo woqalo. Ngokungafani ne-sakuachi, iqukethe izimbobo eziyisikhombisa futhi idlalwa ngokuguquguqukayo. Ngaphakathi kwesiko laseJapan, kungumfanekiso ozwakalayo wamadragoni anyukela ezulwini.
- UTaiko: lokhu kungenye yezinsimbi eziphawuleka kakhulu nezifanekisela ngokwesiko lomculo waseJapan.
Phakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX nelesi-XNUMX, i-taiko yayisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwamabutho empi. Zasetshenziselwa ukwesabisa amabutho ezitha, kanye nokudlulisa imiyalezo emabuthweni ahlangene.
Ngaphakathi komculo wesintu, kumi-daiko kuvamile, amaqembu omculo akhiwe kuphela ngabaculi bale nsimbi yomculo eshaywayo.
Kubonakalise ukuthi isebenza ngezindlela eziningi ngokweqile, ukuba yingxenye yamaqembu e-jazz angaleso sikhathi noma ngaphakathi kwama-orchestra amakhulu omculo we-classic.
- I-Koto: lena enye insimbi yokhuni ehlobene nesigingci, imvamisa iqukethe izintambo eziyishumi nantathu. Kodwa-ke, kunokuhlukahluka okuningi, kufaka phakathi ama-prototypes afinyelela kuzintambo ezingama-80.
Umculo waseJapan ngezikhathi zokwenziwa komhlaba
Abanye bathiyori bathi lokho Umculo waseJapan amakhulu eminyaka ubungaphansi kwethonya lamasiko aphesheya. Ekuqaleni, ukusondelana, ngaphezu kwezingxabano eziningi neChina neKorea, kwaba nethonya emisindweni yesiqhingi saseJapan kanye nalabo ababakhelene nayo ezwekazini.
Nokho, uguquko olukhulu lwenzeka kusukela esikhathini seMeiji, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX nasekuqaleni kwele-XNUMX. Iminyaka engama-45 isizwe ebuswa uMbusi waseMeiji, isho ukuvulwa okukhulu kweJapan kubheke eNtshonalanga, lapho ubuciko babuthinteke kakhulu khona.
Ukuhlanganiswa okucacile kwabaculi besizwe selanga eliphumayo kuya kumigqi esentshonalanga yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, kwenzeka ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili. I-Rock, i-jazz, i-blues, ne-heavy metal, phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo, kwaba yinto ejwayelekile kubalaleli baseJapan..
Ya Ngama-80s, ngaphakathi kweJapan kwakukhona ukuqhuma kwesigqi seLatin neCaribbean, nge-salsa ne-reggae ku-oda lokuqala. Elinye lamacala akhunjulwa kakhulu lelo I-orchestra yokukhanya, i-salsa ensemble eyakhiwe ngabaculi baseJapan kuphela abacula ngeSpanishi nangesiNgisi, kanye nangamaJapane.
Imithombo yesithombe: YouTube / Positivando lo Cotidiano - blogger