Ukuseka umxholo weClassical Music kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima. Ngokubanzi, ihlala ihlanganisa phantse zonke iingoma zeokhestra. Kwaye nangona ilixesha elandisiweyo ngaphandle kweembali okanye amanqanaba ezifundo, ayicacanga.
Abanye ababhali-mbali banciphisa ukuveliswa koMculo woMculo phakathi konyaka we-1550 nowe-1900. Kodwa kwaqala ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX ukuba eli gama livele.
Abanye abaphandi kunye neengcali zomculo bathi Ukusukela ngonyaka we-1000, kumaXesha amaXesha akudala, ezinye iingoma zomculo zisenokusungulwa kwisichazi "Classics". Ngendlela efanayo, babonisa ukuba ukuveliswa kolu hlobo kuya kufikelela kulo mhla, kunye neetekhnoloji nezenkcubeko ezibekwe lixesha ngalinye.
Ngayiphi na imeko, sisiganeko senkcubeko esibaluleke kakhulu. Imvumi "yamandulo" yingcali eqeqeshiweyo kubugcisa bayo, yiyo loo nto olu hlobo luchazwa njengoMculo weNkcubeko yeNkcubeko okanye yeZifundo.
Umahluko omkhulu ngawo nawuphina umculo obonisa imvelaphi edumileyo, kukuphunyezwa yenkqubo yokuphawula okomfuziselo, indlela yemizobo esetyenziswa ngabaqambi ukuyila imisebenzi yabo. Ukuphuculwa kunye nokuziphatha kuthintelwe kubuncinci. Nangona kuqanjiwe, italente yinto ebalulekileyo.
Abaqambi beMculo abaDala
Emva koko, siza kuqwalasela kwakhona ezinye ze Abaqambi bomculo weklasikhi okubaluleke ngakumbi .. Siza kuphinda siqwalasele abanye abaninzi ukuba, nangona imisebenzi yakhe yomculo ibonisa iimpawu zoluhlobo, khange baphile ngaphakathi kwinto eyaziwa ngokuba lixesha lamandulo, eliphakathi kuka-1750 no-1820.
UFrederick Chopin (ngoMatshi 1, 1810 - Okthobha 17, 1849)
Umqambi wasePoland, owaziwa kakhulu ngobuhle bakhe njengomdlali wepiyano. Kuthathelwa ingqalelo njengommeli ongathandabuzekiyo we-Romanticism yomculo, lelinye lawona maxesha abekiweyo kuMculo weClassical.
Bakhe Ukuqanjwa kwepiyano zezona zichongiweyo kwimbali yendalo yonke yobugcisa. Iziqwenga ezinje Uhambo lomngcwabo o I-Nocturne Op. 9 Inombolo 2Ziyinyani "zakudala".
Nangona kuncinci rhoqo, (kunye nefuthe elincinci), ishiye imisebenzi yeokhestra, Kunye neCandelo kunye noMculo weVocal, uhlala enepiyano njengomntu ophambili.
ULudwig Van Beethoven (Disemba 16, 1770-Matshi 26, 1827)
Abaqambi bakudala kunye imveliso enkulu ngakumbi neyahlukeneyo. Kwakungekho simbo somculo angasebenzi ngaso.
Nangona ii-Symphony zakhe ezisithoba zimele owona mfuziselo welifa lakhe Ukuqanjwa kwepiyano, kunye neekonsathi zakhe okanye imisebenzi yakhe engcwele, phakathi kwezinye, zibalasele ngokufanayo.
Su Inyanga epheleleyo Sonata ngepiyano, A Eyesihlanu Symphony o Ingoma Yovuyo (Isithoba iSymphony), Zezinye zezona ngoma zakhe zichongiweyo.
UAntonio Vivaldi (Matshi 4, 1678-Julayi 28, 1741)
Umqali we-violinist kunye nomqambi, Ummeli wobukhazikhazi obuphezulu bexesha le-baroque.
Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi yakhe emininzi njengombingeleli kunye nomvelisi weopera kunye nemiboniso yekonsathi, iqulunqwe malunga ne-750 yemisebenzi, kubandakanya iikonsathi ezingama-400 kunye nama-opera angama-46.
Owona msebenzi wakhe uthandwayo, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, AmaXesha amane oNyaka.
Wojciech Kilar (Julayi 17, 1932-Disemba 29, 2013)
Umqambi wasePoland uzuze u-notoriety kwihlabathi liphela imisebenzi yakhe kwi-cinema. Ukuqanjwa kwakhe kweefilimu ezinje nge Dracula (1993) nguFrancis Ford Coppola okanye Umdlali wepiyano (2002) nguRoman Polanski uyamangalisa ngokwenene.
Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi yakhe "yamandulo" okanye imisebenzi yezemfundo ibalasele ngokulinganayo. Iikonsathi ezimbini zekwayara kunye neokhestra: IEksodus, yaqanjwa ngo-1984 no Iteum 2008.
UWolfang Amadeus Mozart (ngoJanuwari 27, 1756-Disemba 5, 1791)
Kunye noBeethoven, kunjalo Enye yeemvumi ezinempembelelo kwimbali, nangaphaya kokufunda.
Umsebenzi wakhe uquka zonke iintlobo zomculo kususela kwixesha awayephila ngalo. Abaphengululi ngobomi bakhe kunye nelifa lakhe lokuba wagqiba ukubumba kwakhe okokuqala xa wayeneminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ekupheleni kobomi bakhe obufutshane kodwa obunesiqhamo, wemka ngaphezulu kwama-600 endalo.
Ukuqaqambisa ezinye zeziqwenga zakhe ngaphezulu kwezinye akukho lula. yayo Ifunwa kwi-D encinci Ngomnye wabameli abaninzi.
URichard Wagner (ngoMeyi 22, 1813-Februwari 13, 1883)
Ukongeza ekubeni ngumqambi, wayekwangumqhubi obalaseleyo kunye nomculo wethiyori.. Uphumelele ukungena kwiileta njengembongi, umbhali wezincoko, kunye nomdlali odlalayo.
Ngaphandle komsebenzi wakhe womculo, wayenjalo indoda yokucinga okuhlangeneyo. Uphuhlise umxholo we Umsebenzi opheleleyo, apho zonke iimbonakalo zobugcisa zidityanisiwe: umculo, umdaniso, imibongo, ukupeyinta, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kunye nolwakhiwo.
La amandla esandi kunye nokuba ndlongondlongo kwamanye amaqhekeza akhe, Ibonakalisa into ebinzima kwaye ihlala inempikiswano.
I-Flying Dutchman y Ukuhamba kweeValkyries, zezona zinto zibalaseleyo zomculo weokhestra.
UJohann Sebastian Bach (Matshi 1685-Julayi 1750)
Kunye noVivaldi, Umsebenzi wakhe omninzi womculo umele incopho yexesha leBaroque. Ukwangomnye wamagcisa anempembelelo kwizifundo.
Njengomqambi, uthathwa njengenkosi enkulu yokugqibela yecala. Njengomdlali odlala ihabhu, watsala ingqalelo ngexesha lakhe lokukwazi ukwenza uhlengahlengiso phambi kwezitshixo.
Amakhonsathi, ii-sonatas, ii-suites, ii-overtures, iifantasy kunye nokwahluka zivelise ngaphakathi kwengqokelela yayo enkulu.
I-Toccata kunye ne-fugue kwi-D encinci y Iingqungquthela zeBrandenburg, zimbini zemisebenzi yakhe ebalulekileyo.
UClaude Debussy (Agasti 22, 1862-Matshi 25, 1918)
Lo mqambi ongumFrentshi ungene ngenkulungwane yama-XNUMX izandi ezintsha zexesha.
Kuthathelwa ingqalelo njenge umanduleli womculo wangoku, kwangaxeshanye yayiligcisa elalixabisa laza lahlonipha izandi zakudala zangaphambili.
Indawo yepiyano Ukukhanya kwenyanga Yimbonakalo yayo ebunjiweyo, enkosi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ekusebenziseni kwayo rhoqo kumdlalo bhanyabhanya.
URichard Strauss (ngoJuni 11, 1864-Septemba 8, 1849)
Enye imvumi yavula indlela yezandi zangoku.
Wabeka ithoni ngeyakhe Imibongo yeNgoma, iingoma ezinomthombo wokuphefumlelwa phantse zihlala zikho kuncwadi.
Macbeth, uDon Quixote, uSancho Panza kunye noDon JuanAbanye babalinganiswa abafumene umculo wabo ngenxa yomqambi waseJamani.
Umsebenzi wakhe owaziwayo ngoku Utsho njalo uZarathustra, ukuzihlaziya simahla kwemibhalo yesithandi sobulumko uFriedrich Nietzsche. Ukuduma kwesi siqwenga ikakhulu kungenxa yokuba ukuvulwa kwaso kwakusetyenziswa nguStanley Kubrick kumdlalo weqonga weqonga 2001: Isithuba Odyssey.
Imithombo yemifanekiso: YouTube / Diario 16 / WOSU Radio