Cinema ndeimwe yehunyanzvi hwakanyanya kutarisirwa pasi rose, husingagone kuvapo pasina chinonakidza chiitiko. Kunyange zvakadaro, Kunyangwe isu tiine yakasarudzika nyaya ine kugona kukuru, hapana chinhu chakawanda chingaitika pasina basa rakakosha remutungamiriri. Basa remutungamiriri wefirimu ndere kutungamira kurekodha uye kuriite blockbuster. Spanish cinema ine tarenda yakawanda uye nhasi ini ndinokuudza zvishoma nezve nhoroondo yeiyo main Spanish vatungamiriri vemafirimu tine nhasi.
Rimwe remabasa makuru emutungamiriri kuita zvishoma pane zvese! Chaizvoizvo iri basa rekuita nemazvo uye kuratidzira nyaya nenzira inoenderana nevateereri. Ndiyo munhu anoita sarudzo huru, semuenzaniso: kuita chinyorwa, kusarudza nziyo, kupa rairo kune vateereri, kutarisa maficha echiitiko chimwe nechimwe nemakona emakamera panguva yekupfura. Asi zvinonyanya kupa maonero ake zvazviri sei kuti nyaya inofanirwa kutaurwa nezvinhu zvakakosha sekumisikidza manyorerwo enharaunda. Pazasi ini ndinopa vatatu vevanonyanya kuzivikanwa Spanish vatungamiriri vemafirimu kuitira kuti tirege kurasikirwa neipi yevavo mafirimu.
Pedro Almodovar
Inofungidzirwa se mumwe wevatungamiriri vane mukurumbira kunze kwenyika yaakaberekerwa mumakumi emakore apfuura. Akaberekerwa muCalzada de Calatrava muna 1949 mumhuri yevaimita. Aigara akatenderedzwa nevakadzi vakamukomberedza, vanova sosi huru yekurudziro yemabasa ake. Pazera regumi nemasere akatamira kuguta reMadrid kunodzidza cinema; zvisinei chikoro chainge changovharwa. Ichi chiitiko hachina kuita chipingamupinyi kuna Almodovar kutanga kugadzira nzira yake. Akapinda mumitambo yemitambo uye akatanga kunyora zvinyorwa zvake. Yakanga isiri iyo kusvika 1984 paakatanga kuzvizivisa kuburikidza nefirimu Chii chandakaita kuti ndiwane izvi?
Maitiro ake anoparadza Spanish bourgeois costumbrismo sezvo achimiririra zviripo mumabasa ake izvo dzimwe nguva zvinonetsa kutevedzera mamiriro ehukama hwemagariro. Inogadzirisa misoro ine nharo zvakadai se: zvinodhaka, vana vasati vaberekwa, ungochani, chipfambi nekushungurudzwa. Asi haamboregeredza yake hunhu nhema uye zvisina hunhu kuseka. Akafunga nezvevatambi vemitambo Carmen Maura naPenelope Cruz semumwe weaanofarira mutambi uye musesi.
Pakati pemabasa ake makuru tinowana:
- Zvese nezvaamai vangu
- Volver
- Ganda Randinogara
- Taura naye
- Ndisungei
- Ruva rechakavanzika changu
- Zvitsitsinho zviri kure
Akave akahwina maOscar maviri: muna 1999 nekuda kwa "All about my mother" and in 2002 for the script "Taura naye". Pamusoro pezvo, akapihwa akati wandei Golden Globes, BAFTA Awards, Goya Awards uye kuCannes Festival. Izvo zvakakosha kusimbisa izvo kuwedzera kune kuve mumwe weakanakisa Spanish vatungamiriri vemafirimu; Iye zvakare mugadziri akabudirira uye munyori wezvekunyora.
Alejandro Amenabar
Naamai veSpanish mavambo uye baba veChilean, tinowana hunyanzvi hwenyika mune uyu director waanochengetedza izvozvi. Akazvarwa munaKurume 31, 1972 muSantiago de Chile uye gore rakatevera mhuri yakasarudza kutamira kuMadrid. Unyanzvi hwake hwakatanga kukura kubva paudiki kwazvo paakaratidza hukuru kufarira kunyora nekuverenga, pamwe nekunyora madingindira emimhanzi. Anofungidzirwa semumwe wevatungamiriri vanobudirira kwazvo, vanyori vekunyora uye vanyori venguva yedu yeunyanzvi hwechinomwe.
ari Amabasa ekutanga eAmáábar akaita mafirimu mafupi mana yakaburitswa pakati pa1991 na1995. Akatanga kuwana mukurumbira mu1996 neyekugadzira "Thesis", inonakidza iyo yakakwevera kutarisisa paBerlin Firimu Mutambo uye ikahwina minomwe Goya Awards. Muna 1997 akatanga "Abre los ojos", firimu resainzi rakatsvaira mitambo yeTokyo neBerlin. Iyo rangano yakasiya muAmerican mutambi Tom Cruise akafadzwa zvekuti akafunga kutora kodzero dzekugadzirisa iyo yakaburitswa muna 2001 pasi pezita rekuti "Vanilla Sky."
Kugadzirwa kwechitatu kwemutungamiriri zvine mutsindo mukuru firimu rine mukurumbira "Vamwe" rine nyeredzi Nicole Kidman. uye iyo yakaburitswa mumitambo yemitambo muna 2001. Yakawana ratings yepamusoro uye ongororo dzakanakisa; yaive zvakare yakamisikidzwa seyakatarisisa bhaisikopo regore kuSpain.
Imwe yemafirimu ake achangoburwa aakashanda semutungamiriri muna2015, yainzi "Kudzvinyirira", yaive nyeredzi Emma Watson naEthan Hawke.
Mamwe mazita aakapa semutungamiriri, mugadziri, munyori wenziyo, kana mutambi anotevera:
- Kunze kwegungwa
- Zvakaipa zvevamwe
- Rurimi rwemapururu
- Hapana anoziva hapana
- Agora
- Me encanta
Amenábar ine mubairo weOscaros munhoroondo yayo, kuwedzera kune yakawanda nhamba yeGoa mibairo.
John Anthony Bayonne
Akazvarwa muna 1945 muguta reBarcelona, ane munin'ina mapatya uye anobva kumhuri inozvininipisa. IniAkatanga basa rake rehunyanzvi aine makore makumi maviri achigadzira kushambadza uye mavhidhiyo mavhidhiyo yemamwe mabhendi emimhanzi. Bayona anoziva Guillermo del Toro semudzidzisi wake uye waakasangana naye panguva ya1993 Sitges Film Festival.
Uye 2004, munyori wechinyorwa chemufirimu «Iyo Nherera» yakapa iyo script kuna Bayonne. Achiona kudiwa kwekuwedzeredza bhajeti uye nguva yefirimu, anonyorera rubatsiro rwaGuillermo del Toro uyo anozvipira kuburitsa firimu iro rinoburitswa makore matatu gare gare kumutambo weCannes. Mufaro kubva kune vateereri wakatora ingangoita maminetsi gumi!
Imwe yemabasa edhairekita inoenderana zvikuru nemutambo «Izvo Zvisingagone» nyeredzi Naomi Watts uye akaburitswa muna 2012. Iyo rangano inotaurira nyaya yemhuri nenjodzi yakagara panguva ye 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Iyi firimu yakakwanisa kuzviisa pachayo semutambo wekutanga wakabudirira muSpain kusvika parizvino, ichitora 8.6 mamirioni emadhora mukupera kwesvondo.
Pamusoro pezvo, mu2016 iyo firimu "Chikara chiri kuuya kuzondiona" chakatanga kuSpain. Kushamisika kukuru kunouya kana director ane mukurumbira Steven Spielberg anosarudza Bayona kutungamira chikamu chekupedzisira cheJurassic World muna 2018: "The Fallen Kingdom."
Zvakadiniko nezve vamwe vese vatungamiriri vemafirimu veSpanish?
Pasina kupokana, kune akawanda maartist ari kuwedzera. Isu tinowana vatungamiriri vakaita Icíar Bollaín, Daniel Monzón, Fernando Trueba, Daniel Sanchez Arévalo, Mario Camus naAlberto Rodríguez watisingafanire kurasikirwa naye. Basa rake rinotanga kuwana zita mukati meindasitiri nezvakataurwa.
Vatungamiriri vemamuvhi vanovimba nebhajeti, pamusoro pezve zvimwe zvinorambidzwa kune ivo vavaki venyaya. Asi basa rake ndiwo musana wechero basa rema cinematographic. Icho huchokwadi hunyanzvi hwekududzira nenzira kwayo uye nekugadzirisa dzimwe pfungwa dzevamwe vanhu kuti dzibudise kuvateereri vakawanda uye dzibudirire mukubudirira!