Cinema ɗaya ce daga cikin mafi kyawun zane -zane a duniya, wanda ba zai iya wanzu ba tare da wani makirci mai ban sha'awa ba. Duk da haka, Kodayake muna da labari na musamman tare da babban yuwuwar, babu abin da zai faru ba tare da aikin darekta ba. Aikin darektan fina -finai shi ne ya jagoranci rikodin kuma ya zama abin toshewa. Fim din Mutanen Espanya yana da baiwa da yawa kuma a yau zan gaya muku kaɗan game da tarihin tarihin manyan daraktocin fina -finan Spain muna da yau.
Ofaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan darektan shine yin kaɗan daga komai! Ainihin yana da alhakin aiwatar da aiwatar da labari daidai a hanyar da ta dace da masu sauraro. Adadi ne wanda ke yanke manyan yanke shawara, alal misali: aiwatar da rubutun, zaɓin sautunan sauti, ba da umarni ga 'yan wasan, kula da harbi na kowane yanayi da kusurwar kyamarori yayin harbi. Amma yafi bayar da nasa hangen nesa na yadda ya zama dole a ba da labarin tare da abubuwa masu mahimmanci kamar yadda ake ƙira salon muhalli. A ƙasa na gabatar da uku daga cikin fitattun daraktocin finafinan Mutanen Espanya don kada mu rasa ganin kowane fim ɗin su.
Pedro Almodóvar
An dauke shi azaman daya daga cikin manyan daraktoci masu tasiri a wajen kasarsa ta haihuwa a cikin shekarun da suka gabata. An haife shi a Calzada de Calatrava a 1949 a cikin dangin muleteers. A kodayaushe yana kewaye da mata a kusa da shi, waɗanda sune babban tushen wahayi ga ayyukansa. Yana dan shekara goma sha takwas ya koma birnin Madrid don yin karatun sinima; duk da haka kwanan nan makarantar ta rufe. Wannan taron ba ya kawo cikas ga Almodovar don fara ƙirƙira tafarkin sa. Ya shiga kungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo kuma ya fara rubuta litattafan nasa. Sai a shekarar 1984 lokacin da ya fara bayyana kansa ta hanyar fim Me na yi na cancanci wannan?
Salon sa yana lalata bourgeois costumbrismo na Spain tunda yana wakiltar haƙiƙa a cikin ayyukan sa waɗanda a wasu lokuta suna da wahalar haɗuwa tare da yanayin ƙarancin zamantakewa. Yana magance batutuwan da ke jawo cece -kuce kamar: miyagun ƙwayoyi, yaran da ba su sani ba, liwadi, karuwanci da cin zarafi. Amma duk da haka ba ya yin watsi da nasa halayyar baƙar fata da rashin jin daɗi. Ya dauki 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Carmen Maura da Penelope Cruz a matsayin daya daga cikin fitattun jarumai da mawaka.
Daga cikin manyan ayyukansa muna samun:
- Komai na mahaifiyata
- Volver
- Fatar da nake ciki
- Yi magana da ita
- Daure ni!
- Furen asirina
- Dukan sheqa
Ya kasance mai lashe Oscars guda biyu: a cikin 1999 godiya ga "Duk game da mahaifiyata" kuma a cikin 2002 don rubutun "Yi Magana da ita". Bugu da ƙari, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Golden Globes, BAFTA Awards, Goya Awards da kuma a bikin Cannes. Yana da mahimmanci a jaddada cewa ban da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun daraktocin fina -finan Spain; Shi ma mai nasara ne kuma marubucin allo.
Alejandro Amenabar
Tare da mahaifiyar asalin Mutanen Espanya kuma mahaifin Chilean, mun sami ɗan ƙasa biyu a cikin wannan daraktan da yake kulawa a yanzu. An haife shi a ranar 31 ga Maris, 1972 a Santiago de Chile kuma a shekara mai zuwa dangin sun yanke shawarar komawa Madrid. Ƙirƙirarsa ta fara haɓaka tun yana ƙarami lokacin da ya nuna girma son rubutu da karatu, kazalika da tsara jigogi na kiɗa. An dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan daraktoci masu nasara, marubutan allo da mawakan zamaninmu don zane na bakwai.
da Ayyukan farko na Aminábar sun ƙunshi gajerun fina -finai huɗu wanda aka saki tsakanin 1991 zuwa 1995. Ya fara samun shahara a shekarar 1996 tare da samar da "Thesis", mai ban sha'awa wanda ya jawo hankali mai mahimmanci a bikin Fim ɗin Berlin kuma ya lashe Goya Awards bakwai. A cikin 1997 ya haɓaka "Abre los ojos", fim ɗin almara na kimiyya wanda ya share bukukuwan Tokyo da Berlin. Makircin ya bar ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka Tom Cruise wanda ya burge shi sosai har ya yanke shawarar samun haƙƙin yin kwaskwarima wanda aka saki a 2001 a ƙarƙashin taken "Vanilla Sky."
Fim ɗin daraktan na uku tare da babban rawar jiki shine sanannen fim ɗin "The Other" wanda Nicole Kidman ya fito. kuma wanda aka saki a gidajen sinima a shekara ta 2001. Ya sami babban matsayi da kyakkyawan bita; an kuma sanya shi a matsayin fim ɗin da aka fi kallo a shekara a Spain.
Ofaya daga cikin sabbin fina -finan sa na kwanan nan inda ya yi haɗin gwiwa a matsayin darakta shine a cikin 2015, mai taken "Ragewa", wanda ya haskaka Emma Watson da Ethan Hawke.
Wasu wasu laƙabi da ya ba da gudummawarsu a matsayin darekta, furodusa, marubucin waƙa, ko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka:
- Fita zuwa teku
- Sharrin wasu
- Harshen malam buɗe ido
- Babu wanda ya san kowa
- Agora
- Ni encanta
Aminábar yana da lambar yabo ta Oscar a tarihinta, baya ga dimbin lambobin yabo na Goya.
John Anthony Bayonne
An haife shi a cikin 1945 a cikin garin Barcelona, yana da tagwaye kuma ya fito daga dangi masu tawali'u. Iya fara sana'ar sa tun yana ɗan shekara 20 ta hanyar yin tallace -tallace da shirye -shiryen bidiyo na wasu makada na kida. Bayona ta san Guillermo del Toro a matsayin mai ba ta shawara kuma wanda ta sadu da shi a lokacin Fim ɗin Sitges na 1993.
A 2004, marubucin fim ɗin «Gidan marayu» ya ba Bayonne rubutun. Ganin bukatar ninka kasafin kuɗi da tsawon fim ɗin, ya nemi taimakon Guillermo del Toro wanda ke ba da haɗin gwiwa don shirya fim ɗin da aka sake shi bayan shekaru uku a bikin Cannes. Murna daga masu sauraro ta dauki kusan mintuna goma!
Wani babban aikin darektan yayi daidai da wasan kwaikwayon «Mai yiwuwa» tauraron Naomi Watts kuma aka sake shi a 2012. Makircin yana ba da labarin wani iyali da bala'in da ya rayu a lokacin tsunami na Tekun Indiya na 2004. Fim ɗin ya sami nasarar sanya kansa a matsayin mafi nasara na farko a Spain har zuwa yanzu, inda ya tara dala miliyan 8.6 yayin buɗe ƙarshen mako.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin 2016 fim ɗin "Dodo ya zo ya gan ni" wanda aka fara nunawa a Spain. Babban abin mamaki ya zo lokacin da mashahurin darektan Steven Spielberg ya zaɓi Bayona don jagorantar kashi na ƙarshe na Jurassic World a cikin 2018: "The Fallen Kingdom."
Me game da sauran daraktocin fina -finan Spain?
Ba tare da wata shakka ba, akwai masu fasaha da yawa a kan tashi. Mun sami daraktoci kamar Icíar Bollaín, Daniel Monzón, Fernando Trueba, Daniel Sanchez Arévalo, Mario Camus da Alberto Rodríguez wanda bai kamata mu rasa hanyarsa ba. Ayyukansa sun fara samun suna a cikin masana'antar tare da shawarwarinsa.
Daraktocin fina -finai sun dogara da kasafin kudi, baya ga wasu takura daga bangaren masu kirkirar labaran. Amma duk da haka aikinsa shine kashin bayan duk wani aikin silima. Fasaha ce ta gaskiya don fassara daidai da daidaita ra'ayoyin wasu don isar da su ga manyan masu sauraro da juyar da su zuwa nasara!